PLANTS, THEIR PROPERTIES, YOUR BALANCE.
Botanical illustration: European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)

BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATION · OLEACEAE

THE HERBARIUM · OLEACEAE

European ash

Fraxinus excelsior L.

This entry concerns leaves. The uses described depend on the preparation.

Part used
Leaves
Origin & distribution
Native range not specified in the medicinal documents considered.

Fever, lower back pain, blood in the urine or difficulty urinating: seek medical advice promptly. Does not treat a urinary tract infection. A red, swollen joint or fever: seek medical advice.

BOTANICAL IDENTITY

The right name is the first step.

Also known as: Common ash

The monograph also covers Fraxinus angustifolia. It does not validate other ash species or parts.

An illustration is not enough to identify a plant for consumption. Do not forage for a species based solely on this profile.

01 · UNDERSTAND

Properties & uses.

Traditional use

Minor joint pain

Traditional symptomatic use.

Read the source
Traditional use

Urinary elimination

Traditional adjunctive use for minor urinary complaints.

Read the source

The traditional uses described are not clinical proof of effectiveness. Evidence for one preparation cannot automatically be applied to another.

02 · UNDERSTAND THE ACTION

How does the plant act?

Common ash is documented here through its leaves, in a monograph shared with narrow-leaved ash. Two traditional uses coexist: minor joint pain and support for urinary elimination. Experimental trials suggest that the solvent matters greatly. They do not allow a predictable diuretic effect or proven antirheumatic action to be attributed to a cup of leaf infusion.

Constituents to know.

Their presence and quantity depend on the plant part and preparation.

Flavonoids
They have been proposed as contributors to the leaves' urinary activity; their therapeutic role in humans is not established.Read the reference
Preclinical research

Elimination of water and salts

Experiments do not only show urine volume: some measure sodium excretion. This remains distinct from relief of a urinary complaint in a person.

Read the reference
Traditional use

Joint comfort

European recognition concerns traditional relief of minor joint pain, without validation of any modification of osteoarthritis or an inflammatory disease.

Read the reference

What this means for preparation.

Check that the material is leaves from one of the documented species. Results on the bark of other ash species or on isolated coumarins do not justify choosing a herbal tea.

03 · EXAMINE THE EVIDENCE

What the research shows.

A laboratory or animal result alone does not demonstrate a benefit in humans. Each result must be read alongside the preparation studied and its limitations.

01Preclinical research

A difference between aqueous and alcoholic extracts

Type of research
Animal studies examined in the EMA report.
Preparation concerned
Extracts of Fraxinus excelsior leaves; aqueous and alcoholic preparations.
Observed results
In a rat study, the aqueous extract had no effect, while the alcoholic extract increased urinary sodium concentration.
Limitations to consider
This result depends on the model and preparation; it does not validate the effectiveness of an infusion in humans.
Read the reference

What can we take from this?

The dossier does not demonstrate a treatment for hypertension, gout or kidney infection. Significant joint swelling or unusual urinary symptoms fall outside the minor use described.

Documentary review dated 09/10/2026. The references remain available to check the context.

04 · CHOOSE A PREPARATION

One plant, several preparations.

Only forms documented in this profile’s sources are presented.

InfusionLeaves · Route: oral

Dried, comminuted leaves.

Please note: Follow the product's package leaflet; preparations are not interchangeable.

Read the source

05 · BEFORE ANY USE

Precautions & contraindications.

This guidance does not cover every individual situation. Missing information is not a guarantee of safety.

Contraindications

  • Allergy to ash.
  • Do not use if fluid restriction is prescribed, particularly for severe heart or kidney disease.

Medicine interactions

  • No established interaction is included in this entry; this does not guarantee compatibility with a treatment.

Adverse effects

  • Adverse effects insufficiently documented in the sources used here.

Pregnancy & breastfeeding

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: medicinal use is not recommended because of insufficient data.

Children & adolescents

For adults only in this leaflet; insufficient pediatric data.

If symptoms persist, worsen or are unusual, consult a healthcare professional. In an emergency, contact the emergency services.

06 · PUTTING KNOWLEDGE INTO PRACTICE

Preparations & recipes.

No home recipe is provided in this profile. For an appropriate preparation, refer to the product leaflet and ask your pharmacist for advice.

07 · CHECK THE SOURCES

Sources for this profile.

  1. EMA — Fraxini folium: assessment and documentsAccessed on 09/10/2026
  2. ANSES — summary of precautions for food supplements (June 2023)Accessed on 09/10/2026
  3. EMA — reference document consultedAccessed on 09/10/2026
  4. EMA — assessment report on Fraxinus excelsior or F. angustifolia, leavesAccessed on 09/10/2026

Illustration: Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz — Otto Wilhelm Thomé (1885), via Wikimedia Commons · Public domain. View the original image and its licence. Image resized and converted to WebP.

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